《空气之绊（下）》玉岚渊

1、01 mid-term essay待移动

　　In this argument the author recommends that，the Buddha categorizes us into at least six different types and give all kinds of punishment as well as rewards to us on the basis of human’s behavior which may not be absolutely suitable. Although I am favorably disposed towards the argument to some extent, the discussant ignore the principle that contradictions can be transformed into each other. Just as a zen language goes,“You will burden the sorrow in the bitter sea until you swim back to the right bank”. The buddhists ，including buddhist monk，buddhist nun and kulapati ， force themselves to obey all kinds of the sacred rules of the religious order with the buddha's revelation as they suffer the pain. Admittedly，at their extremely harsh life，they carry out Five Commandments even Ten Commandments in order to spread the religious doctrine in Buddhism or get the kind factor，luck and wisdom . Yet，to support this recommendation, I cites the following facts about : through the specific diagnosis of the suffering that is part of human which the Buddha offers to me，I had to be caught into an alternative dilemma which namely means that (1)some areas，especially the persuasion which leads human beings to approach kind is absolutely correct；(2)in some areas，particularly in congenital behavior，there must be some neglect in people’s normal life；(3)in still other areas，such as medicine and health，it’s doubtful whether the application of the alcohol，a kind of forbidden drink which is familiar with wine in content，is permitted or not for we buddhists. It is also fraught with dubious assumptions that a little error exists in Buddhism. Nevertheless，what confused us above can be solved perfectly in some Buddhist masterpiece. As a consequence，the point is defective. It is problematic in several respects , rendering the argument unconvincing as it stands.

　　To start with, while the opinion holder points out that what the Buddha offers to others after diagnosing the positive or the positive action based on causal relationship and circular relationship, we need to demonstrate the primary reason in terms of providing the evidence to support it. As is known to general Buddhists, Buddhism has the concept of six destinies including Heaven, man, Asura, hungry ghost, beast and hell. Each has its own outcome. Buddhism emphasizes cause and effect, planting good causes and getting good results; Planting evil results in evil. Human beings have to reincarnate in the six ways and taste the pain of the one they are in before they get the right result. And according to the characteristics of human beings, human beings are sent to different Daos for experience. If you did an evil causes during experience, you will get the corresponding evil consequences. If you can't break away from the six ways, you should continue to reincarnate and taste all the sweets and bitters in them; If you can get rid of the six ways, you can go to the blissful world and get rid of the six ways of pain. This is the Buddha's specific diagnosis of human suffering.

　　In addition, according to human congenital behavior, the existence of human congenital desire is a primitive survival instinct. For instance，we need to know whether the strict Buddhist ideas such as forbidden eating after noon, vegetarian diet with no food made of or from animals and vegetables with pungent and awful smell and Ten Commandments seeming to be contrary to the normal human life and the expression of human emotions; what’s more, detailed case will be of great significance to determine whether it is a dilemma due to the forbidden food and drink in medicine and medical supplement but not as breaking rules on purpose; the last but not the least, if there exists the evidence shows that the majority of the people may equip the belief considering the problem of male offspring. Supposing that all above are reasonable. According to the common sense of life, we know that the dinner time is around 6 p.m. which means that if you are a devout Buddhist, you will not be able to attend the dinner or even the dumpling feast on New Year's Eve. Secondary Claiming’s validating shows that especially for patients who are in poor health or dying, it seems that we can't be too harsh to ask them not to eat after noon. More frequently, many medicines using killing or indulging items more or less to treat diseases, such as ginger soup in traditional Chinese medicine and alcohol disinfection in western medicine. We should not stick to the rules and refuse to accept treatment because of its medicinal ingredients. Finally, one of the provisions in the Ten Commandments is that flourish words over-style expression cannot be used. Imagining that if all people abide by this commandment, that is to say，the use of gorgeous words and exaggerated techniques will be prohibited in literary works, which is also unfavorable to the development and prosperity of literature.

　　Nevertheless, we cannot deny that contradiction itself is both opposite and unified. Even if new evidence is provided that demonstrates both breaking rules as well as living a normal life like a couple can be permitted, we need more information to show that it is the special example that the possible of monk’s life can be more colourful，if not more，we still can search from the works eliminating the minor errors. Buddhist classics such as the biography of the Autobiography of Buddha explaining the plausible reason for unusual circumstance. Described from the content in that book provides that Sakyamuni tried to asceticism before Enlightenment under the bodhi tree. Later, he found that this could not extricate himself from the real sea being full of suffering hardness and sorrow. So he accepted a bowl of chyle offered by the shepherdess before his physical strength was overdrawn. In addition, when spreading Buddhism, he warned his disciples that they should neither indulge excessively nor abstain excessively, and when the Buddhist disciples are not in good health, they do not have to strictly abide by the rules and regulations. At the same time, in order to popularize and secularize Buddhist culture, Buddhism has emerged a form of practice that can be practiced without becoming a monk in a temple, and such secular disciples are called lay monks. The Buddhist precepts that lay monks do not need to shave and need to abide by have also been reduced from ten to five. Moreover, there are sects in some branches of Buddhism that do not exclude the relationship between men and women. For example, the double practice of men and women in Tibetan Buddhism and the special case of allowing monks to marry and have children in Japanese Buddhism seem to show that Buddhism does not completely and absolutely ignore the basic desire for human survival.

　　To sum up, the arguer fails to substantiate his claim that the feedback which Buddha adopted toward seems to be revise because the evidence concluded in the analysis does not lend strong support to what the arguer maintains. To make it more convincing, the arguer would have to provide more concrete or specific cases with regard to some abstract concept such as Six Paths，the reincarnation and the Ten Commandments ; otherwise, he’d better prefer to demonstrate that the typical，serious and inestimable event in the history of mankind is related to the methodology，religious doctrine and social influence in Buddhism. Hence, if the argument had included the given factors discussed above, it would have been more thorough and logically acceptable.