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7、重点难点精讲(七) ...
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一、by和with
1 by 指做某事的方式。
He earned money by writing. 他靠写作挣钱。
The streets are lighted by electricity. 街道用电照明。
2 with 指做某事所用工具。
The policeman opened the door with a special key. 警察用专用钥匙打开了门。
My father is digging the garden with a pick. 我父亲用镐在园子里挖土。
二、by car, in a car和in one's car是否都对——表示交通工具的介词
1 by 表示方式或方法,其后的名词前不带冠词,也不带形容词性物主代词。
I usually travel by train. 我通常乘火车旅行。
We go to school every day by bus. 我们每天乘公交车上学。
2 in 表示交通工具,其后的名词前可用冠词或形容词性物主代词。
He came in a taxi. 他乘出租车来的。
Her father usually goes to work in his car. 她父亲通常开车上班。
3 on 表示旅行方式,通常与foot搭配。on 表示交通工具常同bike/ bicycle, bus或train连用,名词前加冠词a 或the 。
My bike is broken. I have to walk on foot. 我的自行车坏了,我得步行。
The girl is riding on a pretty bike. 那女孩骑一辆漂亮的自行车。
They are going on a train. 他们将乘火车去。
比较
come by car/by bus/by boat/by ship
come in a car/in a bus/in a ship/in a boat/in three boats
come on a train
come in one's car
提示
be on the bus表示“在公共汽车上”,be on the train表示“在火车上”,要用定冠词the;而in a bus(乘汽车),on a train(乘火车)要用不定冠词a。
4 如果交通工具名词前有表示时刻的词语,用on 或by 均可。
We'll go to Hangzhou on/by the ten o'clock train. 我们将乘10点的火车去杭州。